Building pros offer tips and considerations for increasing the energy efficiency of your log and timber home.
Energy efficiency has been a long-used catch phrase in the log and timber home industry. At times, its mention is acknowledged but then somewhat set aside as a piece of the bigger picture in building and then enjoying the lifestyle long term.
In other words, while the idea of energy efficiency is regularly a “given” element, it pays to take a look at the concept with a fresh perspective. Real energy efficiency provides such dynamic benefits that it should be a topic of conversation in every contemplated project. Comfort, cost savings, environmental awareness, and convenience are each valued components of living well in a log or timber home.
Thinking about these contributors to the experience reinvigorates the conversation surrounding energy efficiency and makes the entire project more worthwhile.
“You don’t need to give up charm or character to build a high-performance home,” says Zach Parmeter of Golden Eagle Log and Timber Homes (Wisconsin Rapids, WI). “We design homes at Golden Eagle that look traditional and handcrafted and perform under extreme conditions.”
Energy efficiency begins, well, at the beginning. It starts with the plot plan. “Properly orient the home on the lot, ideally with most of the glass facing south,” says Zach. “If you’re already building the house, you might as well let the sun help heat it for free. Orientation of the home costs nothing but can save thousands of dollars in heating and cooling over time. It’s one of the only energy decisions that’s free, but most people never think about it. Use roof overhangs or covered porches to block summer sun but capture winter light. It’s smart shade in the summer and free heat in the winter. That’s just good design.”
The use of ICF (insulated concrete forms) is a good energy-wise option that uses hollow foam blocks for pouring concrete walls and providing insulation. Zip system R-sheathing is a structural wall panel that provides built-in exterior insulation for protection against moisture, external air infiltration, and thermal protection. Both are excellent options for homeowners considering conventional wall systems.
When Mark Elliott of Coventry Log Homes (Woodville, NH) sits down with clients, he stresses the importance of energy efficiency from the first consultation. “A well-built home will cost less to heat and cool, resulting in lower energy costs,” Mark says. “The occupants will also benefit from a more comfortable home to live in. Better materials and building systems will pay for themselves over time. The old adage that you get what you pay for is true when it comes to building materials. High quality windows and doors along with energy efficient heating and cooling systems are very important. New smart home technology can be used to lower energy costs and can control everything from heating and cooling to lighting.”
Whether the log or timber home is a primary residence or vacation destination, that principle holds true. Technology provides an edge during periods when the homeowners are present or the home is temporarily unoccupied.
“Many of our clients are building a vacation home hours away from their primary home,” says Zach. “They find it convenient to set the temperature of the home before they get to the cabin and also make sure the heater isn’t set for 70 degrees in the winter when nobody will be at the cabin for a few weeks.
“I like using roll shades that are smart-connected so that they automatically operate depending on the time of day,” Zach says. “This helps prevent a greenhouse effect inside the home, something that is important when the home has many windows. We also use special glazing options on our windows to reduce UV (ultraviolet light).”
Selecting a quality package and materials components sets another dimension of energy efficiency awareness in motion. Choosing the proper logs from a size and thickness standpoint works in favor of the homeowner as well.
“Log size affects performance as thicker logs offer better thermal mass,” Zach says. “It’s not just about looks. Bigger logs mean a more stable, efficient home. We use soft wood because it performs better than hardwood in retaining temperatures. Thermal mass equals steady interior temperatures and less HVAC cycling. Logs act like a thermal battery. They store and release heat when it is needed most. Modern log and timber homes can outperform conventional builds when detailed right. The idea that log homes can’t be efficient is outdated, and ours prove that every day.”
The integrity of the log or timber structure is key in energy efficiency. Drafty rooms created by ill-fitting window and door closures, insufficient insulation, and sub-optimal craftsmanship will end up costing the homeowner through the years.
“Choose a building system that has a proven track record for a tight fit,” advises Mark. “We suggest using kiln-dried logs to minimize movement, and this leads to a better end product that is sealed properly. If you use logs that are not dried, you will have far more problems with air leaks. Our six-inch logs perform very well, but upgrading to our larger eight-inch log is a good consideration for energy efficiency.”
Of course, one of the most critical elements in energy efficiency is the size and configuration of the HVAC system along with the companion insulation that maintains seasonal comfort at an affordable price. Investing in these on the front end will pay a handsome dividend over time. Introducing the HVAC structure and apparatus into the floor plan opens the door to the most efficient design and circulation of air through the structure.
“Size your HVAC to the home, not just what code allows,” Zach says. “A system that is too big or too small is a recipe for discomfort and high bills. Use zones, variable speed systems, and HRVs (heat recovery ventilators) for peak efficiency. The right technology keeps the home balanced, fresh, and comfortable without wasting energy.”
“The layout matters,” Zach says. “Open floor plans and thoughtful room placement help air and comfort move naturally. Great design moves more than people – it moves air, light, and comfort efficiently. Many of our clients like using extra-large fans in their great rooms because the ceilings vault up to 20 feet or higher. Not only does this look good, but it also helps the home heat and cool efficiently.”
From Zach’s perspective, the home that feels better, remains quieter, more comfortable, and more solid is the home that has been built tight and insulated right. “You can feel the difference from the moment you step inside,” Zach says.
These days, log and timber homeowners can bring energy efficiency to practical inclusion when they build without giving up anything over the long term. Investment early in the process pays off later and enhances the quality of living from day to day.